VERY SHORT ANSWERS (English & Nepali)
Belonging to Grade – XI, Chapter – 3
1. What is meant by demand?
English: Demand means the quantity of a good a consumer is willing and able to buy at a given price.
Nepali: माग भन्नाले उपभोक्ताले कुनै सामान दिइएको मूल्यमा किन्न चाहने र सक्षम भएको परिमाण हो।
2. Name any four determinants of demand.
English: Income, price of the good, taste and preference, price of related goods.
Nepali: आय, सामानको मूल्य, रुचि र मनपराइ, सम्बन्धित वस्तुको मूल्य।
3. State the law of demand.
English: When price rises, demand falls; when price falls, demand rises.
Nepali: मूल्य बढ्दा माग घट्छ, मूल्य घट्दा माग बढ्छ।
4. Define a normal good.
English: A good whose demand increases when income increases.
Nepali: जसको माग आय बढ्दा बढ्छ, त्यस्तो वस्तुलाई सामान्य वस्तु भनिन्छ।
5. What is an inferior good?
English: A good whose demand decreases when income increases.
Nepali: आय बढ्दा जसको माग घट्छ, त्यो निम्नस्तरिय वस्तु हो।
6. Define complementary goods.
English: Goods used together, like tea and sugar.
Nepali: सँगसँगै प्रयोग हुने वस्तु, जस्तै चिया र चिनी।
7. Define substitute goods.
English: Goods that can replace each other, like tea and coffee.
Nepali: एक-अर्कालाई प्रतिस्थापन गर्ने वस्तु, जस्तै चिया र कफी।
8. Define a demand schedule.
English: A table showing quantity demanded at different prices.
Nepali: विभिन्न मूल्यमा मागिएको परिमाण देखाउने तालिका।
9. What is extension in demand?
English: Increase in quantity demanded due to a fall in price.
Nepali: मूल्य घट्दा माग बढ्नु मागको विस्तार हो।
10. Define contraction in demand.
English: Decrease in quantity demanded due to a rise in price.
Nepali: मूल्य बढ्दा माग घट्नु मागको संकुचन हो।
11. What is increase in demand?
English: Demand rises due to factors other than price.
Nepali: मूल्य बाहेक अन्य कारणले माग बढ्नु।
12. What is decrease in demand?
English: Demand falls due to factors other than price.
Nepali: मूल्य बाहेक कारणले माग घट्नु।
13. Causes of increase in demand.
English: Higher income, fall in price of complementary goods, rise in price of substitutes, change in taste.
Nepali: आय वृद्धि, पूरक वस्तुको मूल्य घट्नु, प्रतिस्थापनको मूल्य बढ्नु, रुचि बढ्नु।
14. Causes of decrease in demand.
English: Lower income, rise in price of complementary goods, fall in price of substitutes, loss of interest.
Nepali: आय घट्नु, पूरक वस्तुको मूल्य बढ्नु, प्रतिस्थापनको मूल्य घट्नु, रुचि कम हुनु।
15. What is shift in demand curve?
English: When demand changes due to non-price factors, the whole curve shifts.
Nepali: मूल्य बाहेक कारणले माग बदलिँदा माग वक्र सारिनु।
16. Define supply.
English: Supply is the quantity producers are willing and able to sell at a given price.
Nepali: दिइएको मूल्यमा बेच्न उत्पादक तयार र सक्षम भएको परिमाण आपूर्ति हो।
17. What is supply schedule?
English: A table showing quantity supplied at different prices.
Nepali: विभिन्न मूल्यमा आपूर्ति परिमाण देखाउने तालिका।
18. What is extension in supply?
English: Increase in quantity supplied due to higher price.
Nepali: मूल्य बढ्दा आपूर्ति बढ्नु।
19. What is contraction in supply?
English: Decrease in quantity supplied due to lower price.
Nepali: मूल्य घट्दा आपूर्ति घट्नु।
20. Define increase in supply.
English: Supply rises due to non-price factors.
Nepali: मूल्य बाहेक कारणले आपूर्ति बढ्नु।
21. Define decrease in supply.
English: Supply falls due to non-price factors.
Nepali: मूल्य बाहेक कारणले आपूर्ति घट्नु।
22. State the law of supply.
English: When price rises, supply rises; when price falls, supply falls.
Nepali: मूल्य बढ्दा आपूर्ति बढ्छ, मूल्य घट्दा आपूर्ति घट्छ।
23. Causes of increase in supply.
English: Better technology, lower production cost, more producers.
Nepali: प्रविधि सुधार, लागत कमी, उत्पादक संख्या वृद्धि।
24. Causes of decrease in supply.
English: Higher production cost, poor technology, fewer producers.
Nepali: लागत वृद्धि, कमजोर प्रविधि, उत्पादक कमी।
25. Define shift in supply curve.
English: When supply changes due to non-price factors, the whole curve shifts.
Nepali: मूल्य बाहेक कारणले आपूर्ति बदलिँदा आपूर्ति वक्र सारिनु।
26. What is equilibrium price?
English: The price where demand equals supply.
Nepali: जहाँ माग र आपूर्ति बराबर हुन्छ, त्यही सन्तुलन मूल्य हो।
27. Define surplus and shortage.
English:
Surplus: It is the condition where supply is greater than demand. (Supply > Demand)
Shortage: It is the condition where demand is greater than supply. (Demand > Supply)
Nepali:
अधिशेष: आपूर्ति मागभन्दा बढी।
अभाव: माग आपूर्तिभन्दा बढी।
28. Diagram: Shift in Demand Curve
29. Market Equilibrium Diagram
